Articles by Dylan Difford

Author:
Dylan Difford, guest contributor. Opinions and research are solely the author's and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the ERS.

Greece changes electoral law, then changes it back

Greece is holding their 2023 elections on 21 May, following protests and delays caused by the deadliest rail crash in Greek history on 28 February. The crash won’t be the only thing that might impact...

Posted 21 Apr 2023

Historically Greek elections have been noted for their rather unusual system of bonus seats

How do Finland’s elections work?

On Sunday 2nd April, voters in Finland will go to the polls to elect a new parliament. Finland’s parliament, known locally as the Eduskunta, contains exactly 200 MPs. 199 of these are elected by Party...

Posted 20 Mar 2023

Central party leaders have little influence over who is elected

How did Denmark get proportional representation?

Denmark today is home to one of the most proportional voting systems in the world, but, for a long time, elections to the Danish Folketing took place using First Past the Post. So why and...

Posted 01 Mar 2023

Carl Andrae

How do elections work in Estonia?

Estonia is undoubtedly one of eastern Europe’s biggest success stories since the collapse of communism – its economy has developed quickly (with a GDP (PPP) per capita now on a par with Japan) and it...

Posted 25 Feb 2023

Estonia scores highly on all democracy indices

Why did Belgium adopt proportional representation?

In 1899, Belgium became the first country in the world to adopt a proportional system for national elections. At that point, it had primarily been the preserve of theoretical debate, with only a handful of...

Posted 01 Feb 2023

Victor d'Hondt

How did Switzerland get proportional representation?

In the early 1890s, a handful of Swiss cantons (states) held the first public elections in Europe to truly use proportional representation (PR). The success of these early votes meant that over the next few...

Posted 06 Jan 2023

Switzerland PR cartoon

How do elections work in the Australian states?

Six months after choosing a new federal parliament, voters in the key Australian state of Victoria will be returning to the polling booth this Saturday (26th November), not just in hope of getting their hands...

Posted 10 Nov 2022

The Alternative Vote and the proportional Single Transferable Vote are used across Australia

How do elections work in Latvia?

Latvia’s election this Saturday (1st October) has been in the calendar for a while – a referendum is required to dissolve the Latvian parliament early. Such a vote can be called either by the president,...

Posted 15 Sep 2022

In Latvia most parties are broadly right-of-centre

How do elections work in Sweden?

Sunday 11th September is election day in Sweden – where voters can elect a new parliament and decide the make-up of the country’s regional and municipal councils – all Swedish political bodies are elected to...

Posted 29 Aug 2022

Swedish ballots